Essay Example on Deming approach the Juran philosophy the Crosby system and Six Sigma

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INTRODUCTION Deming approach the Juran philosophy the Crosby system and Six Sigma methodology are the main quality approaches and methodologies of Total Quality Management TQM Each operations manager or quality manager may use one of these methodologies for assessing the quality and suitability of systems particularly for companies that aim at increasing their efficiency and their gains In this study we will discuss about TQM in general in the literature review part Then we will present the different methodologies listed above separately and also we will compare them Lastly we will see different examples of successful TQM for several companies LITERATURE REVIEW The factors that influence TQM The research by Suwandej 2015 deals with the factors which are influencing total quality management This research is using the qualitative method through in depth interviews For the measurement seven factors were studied 1 leadership 2 training 3 organizational structure 4 communication 5 incentives 6 measurements and evaluation and 7 teamwork Those factors are coming from the seven items of organization management Based on the seven factors the study reported that good leaders should be decisive determined idealistic goal oriented challengers patient loyal to teams knowledgeable and should take initiative In parallel the research comes to the conclusion that leaders generally required justice and integrity in management

According to the studies by Cheoyjanya 1998 and then Boonlai 2005 individuals differences may lead to failure by miscommunication and misinterpretation Teamwork may help in communication and interpretation as it enables team members emotional engagement and participation Total quality management as a competitive advantage Total quality management is a management system which enhances the competitiveness of firms through the improvement of the products and services quality The study by Bolatan et al 2016 developed the idea that because of the tough competition among firms in today's global markets firms must particularly be able to meet their customers demands and expectations satisfactorily According to the research by Bolatan et al 2016 quality is one of the various competitive strategic instruments in the whole business As total quality management is a very important driver for the growth and success of companies in local and international markets implementing it helps to increase the market share of companies and thus to improve their competitive advantage

The study by Baird et al 2011 defines total quality management as a connective organizational wide philosophy which aims at continuously improving the product quality service quality and process quality Claver et al 2003 point out that total quality management enables organizations to acquire a high degree of differentiation and improving their brand image Moreover it generally leads to decreasing costs through preventing errors and time wasting and it permits improvements in the processes of organizations Following this idea the research by Bas 2002 which analysed Turkish firms explained that those firms were actively pursuing TQM in order to improve their quality performance and thus to compete more effectively in market place TQM a philosophy to promote organisational culture Kanji 2002 has described TQM as a management philosophy that fosters an organisational culture committed to customer satisfaction through continuous improvement According to Moura E Sá 2007 the TQM philosophy essentially encompasses three key elements which are customer focus people involvement and continuous improvement TQM improves business performance Sousa et al 2002 as well as Kaynak 2003 concluded on the fact that TQM positively affects business performance Moreover Sadikoglu 2010 report positive relationships between TQM and business performance including variables such as market and financial performance employee performance and customer satisfaction Hard soft quality management López Mielgo et al 2009 believes that hard quality management requires stability conformity and discipline and encompasses processes like statistical process control and work design

Thus hard components should comply with quality standards and satisfy manufacturing specifications Moura E Sa 2007 and Abrunhosa 2007 both considers that soft quality management is stressing employee engagement partnerships and comparison with the market leaders According to McAdam 2000 these soft aspects of quality management mainly focus on leadership empowerment and training and encourage employees to scan the environment for new trends approaches and technologies Moreover according to López Mielgo et al 2009 soft quality management promotes the more human and developmental aspects of the quality system which allows the firm to adapt to its changing environment and thus promote continuous improvement As TQM change management is necessary Todnem By et al 2005 explained that because of the increasing market competition the successful management of change is crucial to firm survival and success Furthermore Pekovic 2009 considers that quality improvement and innovation have become established strategies because firms seek to create and defend their competitive position Nowak 1997 believes that quality improvement and innovation have a complementary relationship and those processes are interlinked and should thus not be treated separately

The study by Foley et al 1997 considers that many firms have responded to the challenges they face by incorporating quality based strategies into their change management approach TQM and technology two important factors for business achievement Because of the market requirements firms have to improve cost delivery time and quality on an on going basis in order to meet and even exceed customer needs and expectations in the best possible way Consequently firms have to renew both their hardware and business processes which are only possible with the help of technological development That is why technology has great importance for competitive advantage of both firms and development of countries Finally the study by Bolatan et al 2016 develops the idea that total quality management and technology have become two of the important factors for business achievement and organizational growth in the global competitive markets



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