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Growth and Instability analysis of Black Pepper trade in Kerala

Growth and Instability analysis of Black Pepper trade in Kerala Introduction Black pepper Piper nigrum L the king of spices is one of the important spice commodities of commerce and trade in India Its trade is a legacy from ancient times It originated in the tropical evergreen forests of the Western Ghats of India The pepper trade to western world begins from the arrival of Vasco Da Gama a Portuguese explorer in 1498 in Kozhikode During 1960s with 25 per cent share in world production and 20 per cent share in world export India was the major producer and exporter of pepper in the world Nagoor 2010 More than 95 per cent of the global output of black pepper is confined to six nations viz India Indonesia Brazil Malaysia Sri Lanka and Vietnam India though had dominant position in the pepper production its position in recent years declined and at present Vietnam tops in production The International Pepper Community IPC countries now corner 80 percent of the global trade in black pepper Since the early 2000s Vietnam has emerged as the leading producer and exporter of pepper in the world market The average annual production of Vietnam was approximately three times higher than that of India India ranks behind Vietnam and Indonesia in total pepper production with 55000 tonnes in 2016 whereas it was 216432 tonnes and 82167 tonnes respectively for Vietnam and Indonesia However with the emergence of competition from other pepper producing countries such as Vietnam Brazil 



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