Essay Example on Obsessive Compulsive Disorder is one of Mental Disorders

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ABSTRACT Obsessive compulsive disorder is one of mental disorder and may cause serious issue amongst children and adolescents Even today the causes of OCD still remains uncertain but many psychological theories have been introduced to explain the development of OCD and on the other hand etiologic study with current research findings of causes of OCD is reviewed in this study Most of the children with OCD are diagnosed with another comorbid disorder such as tic disorders attention deficit hyperactivity disorder anxiety disorders depression OCD remains a serious and chronic disorder for a significant number of children and there have been many options for treatment of OCD The purpose of the treatments of OCD is to reduce the symptoms of the disease and to bring people back to their social lives Cognitive behavioral therapy CBT is most applied treatment in pediatric OCD but in some case, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors SSRI become an option for treatment Usually the combination of CBT and SSRI are useful for young sufferers Key words Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Etiology Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Pharmacology Comorbidity 1 INTRODUCTION In life people face with various events that make them feel anxious worried and obsessed from time to time but the main thing is that coping with those feeling that encountered in everyday life

We all have unpleasant or disturbing thoughts that just pop up in our mind anytime If people cannot get rid of intrusive thoughts easily often try to suppress them or repress them and may create the ritual to eliminate anxiety regarding unwanted thoughts or images This may be a reason for a lot of difficulty in their lives For example disrupted functioning may involve difficulties in normal routine occupational or academic functioning and usual social activities or interpersonal relationships and it may eventually blossom into obsessive compulsive disorder Obsessions are recurrent and persistent thoughts urges or images that are experienced as intrusive and unwanted whereas compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that an individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession or according to rules that must be applied rigidly In DSM V OCD is defined as disorder including obsessions compulsions and both American Psychological Association 2013 World Health Organization positions OCD as 1 of the 10 most impairing medicinal conditions around the world Murray Lopez 1996 Obsessive Compulsive Disorder develops in people of all ages independent of race religion or socioeconomic status and may persist through life OCD has become relatively common disorder amongst children and adolescents The prevalence of OCD in children and adolescents is 1 2 and about one out of every two adults with OCD reported that their onset of their symptoms developed before 15 age However not all obsessions or unwanted rituals are not synonymous with OCD the diagnosis of OCD in children are difficult because children hide the symptoms

That s why in some case the disorder is misdiagnosed with other disorder by specialist Rapoport et al 2000 In Piacentini 2003 et al study 151 OCD children and their parents completed parallel self report rating scale Child Obsessive Compulsive Impact Scale and they are assessed OCD related dysfunction into three areas home academic and social Most problems complained of by the parents concentrating on schoolwork 47 doing homework 46 and getting ready for bed at night 42 As indicated by youngster report the most whined issue focusing on schoolwork 37 doing homework 32 and doing family unit tasks 30 and both parents and children tended to report more specific impairments in home family and school academic functioning than in social functioning The global interference rating ratings showed a similar pattern Children and adolescents with OCD may face many challenges in daily life For example contamination fear by germs may be a reason of not participating school or social activities not going to restaurants and other public places Counting checking rituals and intrusive thoughts may reduce children concentration level at school and interfere with schoolwork These rituals may require the child to check and recheck every answer on a test so often that they are unable to finish the test Homework may become a daily struggle as the child spends hours repeatedly checking and correcting the work Children with symmetry fixations they arrange objects commonly until the point when they are symmetrically adjusted or coordinated in their room The child who feared the loss of a loved one or feared that something bad would happen to him repeatedly checking doors locks stove windows and checking whether they injured themselves or other people In more severe cases OCD symptoms may interfere with children's ability to build and maintain friendships and adversely affect adolescents efforts to develop sincere relationships Piacentini et al 2003 1 1

Obsessions in children and adolescents Obsessions are unwanted thoughts or images that children find difficult to stop This may lead to cause experience as uncomfortable unpleasant distressing or anxiety-provoking in children and adolescents DSM V 2013 There are many kinds of obsessions seen in children and adolescents According to Geller et al 1998 study the commonest types of obsessions in this age group with contamination excessive concerns with dirt germs and illness fears of harm to self or others or concerns with symmetry and exactness arranging and ordering and with the period of adolescent sexual somatic and religious preoccupations also become more common

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