Essay Example on Prepared Al2O3 nanoparticles were studied via X ray

Aluminum oxide nanoparticles Al2O3 were prepared and both the obtained structure and size of the prepared Al2O3 nanoparticles were studied via X ray diffraction XRD and transmission electron microscopy TEM The average particle size of Al2O3 was estimated to be 31 nm The effect of adding different concentrations of Al2O3 and gamma radiation on the structure and optical properties of polystyrene PS has been investigated using XRD and UV spectroscopy The obtained XRD data shows that the addition of different concentrations of Al2O3 influenced the crystallinity of the resulting nanocomposites consequently changing the lattice parameters significantly The influence of Al2O3 nanoparticles on optical parameters of PS such as absorbance transmittance refractive index real and imaginary parts of dielectric complex and optical conductivity have been investigated This study reveals that the increasing of Al2O3 have effect on all these parameter 

The study has been also extended to investigate the variation in the band gap band and urbacht energy The modifications in the optical properties have been correlated with the structural changes The results show that a sample with an Al2O3 concentration of 10 was more isotropic more compact and achieved a higher refractive index and optical conductivity The effect of gamma irradiation on a PS sample loaded with 10 Al2O3 was studied at different doses The results showed several changes in the structure and optical properties of the samples due to cross linking between polymer chains This result reflects the fact that the polymer matrix suffered from structural rearrangement due to irradiation treatments Polymer nanocomposites PNCs play a fundamental role in the design of novel materials since they offer a chance to combine the unique properties of nanoparticles with the beneficial advantages offered by polymers while yielding potential performance well beyond that of each individual component 1 2 Recently the embedding of inorganic nanoparticles in organic polymers has received considerable attention because organic inorganic nanocomposites play an important role to improve the physical properties of classical polymers 

3 Polymer systems are quite significant due to their applicable properties which include simple production low cost and lightweight 4 One of the most important techniques to enhance their properties is the loading of polymers with nanoparticles With this polymer properties can be improved while preserving suitable properties 5 Improvements in properties can often occur even at comparatively small filler concentrations 6 Polystyrene PS with the chemical formula C8H 8 n is the most widely known and used polymer in both industry and everyday life It is a synthetic hydrophobic polymer It is considered to be an excellent host material for composites It has attracted significant attention due to its superior properties such as rigidity perfect electrical insulation properties low water absorption low cost and ease of processing which are fundamental for numerous industrial applications 7 8 The addition of inorganic nanoparticles to polymers allows the modification of the physical polymer properties as well as the achievement of new properties for the polymer matrix Aluminum oxide nanoparticles Al2O3 nanoparticles received great attention for the development of polymer nanocomposites during recent years due to its particular characteristics such as high chemical stability high luminous transmittance and intensive ultraviolet Moreover Al2O3 nanoparticles in polymeric materials are further applied as surface coatings 

15 The irradiation of polymer films can induce different modifications in both structural and optical behavior Molecular chain scission intermolecular cross linking and the formation of C C are some of the structural changes than can occur in the irradiated polymer all of which modify the physical properties of the material 16 17 As we mentioned above several studies investigated the properties of the polymer as a function of nanosized fillers in PS but none of them are focused on systems with Al2O3 embedded in PS The novelty of our current approach is to prepare a new material of polystyrene filled with different concentrations of Al2O3 nanoparticles which could be used in the applications of surface coating and as anti corrosion material Thus we aim to investigate the influence of Al2O3 nanoparticle additives and gamma irradiation on the structure and optical properties of PS This work objective is not only to give proof of the physical and chemical modifications in the polymer under consideration but also to determine the feasibility of boosting its characteristic features to make it much applicable