Effect of different types of domestic detergents on Membrane Permeability of Beta vulgaris Cells Research question. To investigate how the effect of different types of domestic detergents has on membrane permeability of hands skin cells using the similarity of effect on Beta vulgaris cells. Hypothesis. By exposing a cell membrane to a detergent it will increase permeability. Stronger is the detergent more permeable will be the membrane it will destroy the cell membrane. By similarity, the permeability of the Beta vulgaris cell membrane is disrupted causing the red pigment to leak out by diffusion. If the detergent damage the beet cell membrane there will be a higher percentage of pigment leakage and so it has less transmission percentage transmission of light than distilled water. Type of variables. Representing variables in this experiment. Dependent variable. Color of the detergent change. Independent variable. Constituents of detergent and kinds of detergent. Control variable. Temperature of detergent used and the surrounding. The volume of detergent used. Time for the reaction Probe calibration the same probe between measurements to ensure that the measurements are all consistent Background information. Cells have a selectively permeable membrane that allows selective substances to penetrate into the cell.
Cell membranes are consisting of lipid layers that is made up of phospholipids. These phospholipids are amphipathic in nature which have phospholipids head and tail respectively. Phospholipids heads are hydrophilic water-loving and tails are hydrophobic water-fearing to the cell membrane. As phospholipids have these properties they are functioning as cell barriers to protect the cell from any incoming substances as proteins and carbohydrates for cell communication arrange and provide surface area for metabolic reactions. Cell membranes function as supporters for the cell and maintain its shape. In a comparison of animal and plant cells both have many similarities and differences. Based on the variation vacuoles are found mostly in plant cells. Vacuoles are larger in size and plant cell may contain many vacuoles. In addition, the article states that in plant cell most of the cell pigments are located in the vacuoles Francis M 1999. Moreover, there are many factors affecting cell membrane permeability. Temperature and detergents. SDS solution are the main factor which disrupt the cell membrane and causes the pigment to leaked out of the cell in the plants. This process is taken place by the diffusion where molecules move from higher concentration to lower concentration gradient.
This experiment was conducted to study the characteristic function of the cell membrane using plant cell a beetroot. Beta vulgaris cel.l Beetroot cell has a large cell membrane and vacuole which consists of a pigment called betacyanins β cyanins. Beet cell has a pigment called betalains β lains which is classified into two pigments such as betaxanthin and betacyanin based on the molecular structure β cyanins pigment is appearing as red to violet in color. It is aqueous in nature water-soluble and absorbs in the range of 535 550 nm Veronica L G et al 2005. This experiment is to understand the cell membrane effects on the different environmental conditions. The effect of environmental conditions on cell membranes was tested by using beetroot cell and various treatments such as temperature and detergents. To analyze the concentration effect of pigment betacyanin and membrane damage colorimeter was used to measure the color of the solution. A detergent is a chemical substance you use to break up and remove grease and grime. Today detergents are more likely to be a mixture of synthetic chemicals and additives cooked up in a huge chemical plant and unlike traditional soap, they're generally liquids rather than solids.
Detergents are used in everything from hair shampoo and clothes, washing powder, dishwashing liquids to shaving foam and stain removers. The most important ingredients in detergents are chemicals called surfactants. To make water wash better we have to reduce its surface tension so it wets things more uniformly. And that's precisely what a surfactant does. The surfactants in detergents improve water's ability to wet things, spread over surfaces. One end of their molecule is attracted to water while the other end is attracted to dirt and grease. So the surfactant molecules help water to get a hold of grease. break it up and wash it away. Equipment list Beta vulgaris core cutting device plastic ruler 0 1cm 4x liquid detergents CARE liquid soap Lemon dishwasher Delhaize PUR power dishwasher Protex antibacterial liquid hand wash 25x test tubes 50 ml 0 5 ml 100ml x distilled water 1 x Vernier Colorimeter Sensor 0 1 25 x 3 5 ml cuvettes colorimeter measurement container 0 1 ml 1 x Laptop with Data Logger Pro Stop watch. Method 1 collects a cylinder of beetroot by pushing the corer into the beetroot and withdrawing it. The cylinder remains inside the corer so push it out with the end of a pencil. 2 Collect 4 cylinders and then cut them into 4 pieces of 2 cm with a segregated knife 3 Used 5 test tubes in 4 of them the cylinder beetroot was placed in all 5 it was added 10 ml of liquid detergent. 4 For each row, the same method was used as above 5 For each row of liquid detergent from 5 to 5 minutes the cylinder of beetroot was taken out 6. From each test tube samples of 3 5 ml cuvette colorimeter measurements were used for the study the transmittance of the light trough solution. 7 After each sample, a calibration was done using distilled water 8 The data was collected in a table that showed the difference of before and after the solution.
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