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Instrumentation And Controls Sensing Elements Research Report Hall Effect Name Sensing elements are any device that receives a signal or stimulus as heat or pressure or light or motion etc and responds to it in a distinctive manner according to the free dictionary They are used to detect and convert some physical parameter into useful information which can be stored and or displayed for a user to interpret A transducer is a type of sensor which changes one type of energy into another Hall effect sensors are one type of sensor element The Hall Effect was discovered by Edwin Hall who observed that when a magnetic field passes through a current carrying conductive plate perpendicular to the plane of the plate a voltage potential develops The principle which governs this is the Lorentz force illustrated in figure 1 The applied magnetic field B causes electrons to move in direction V and experiences a force F called the Lorentz force which is normal to both the field applied and the flow of current Figure1 As explained before a force is applied In response to the force electrons move to one side of the plate in a curved path around the field This causes a charge to develop and a voltage potential can be measured This voltage which develops across the plate is called the Hall voltage VH
