All disciplines
Discipline

Immunology and Microbiology

Plagiarism retractions per 100,000 publications in Immunology and Microbiology, 2015–2024. Discipline from OpenAlex’s field taxonomy via the DOI join.

Rate / 100k
2.81
95% CI 1.8–4.3
Rank
5/26
by rate (1 = highest)
Retractions
21
strict plagiarism findings
Publications
0.7M
746,421 works

Counts detected and reported plagiarism retractions. See the methodology for field-denominator caveats.

All disciplines
Plagiarism in Immunology and Microbiology — retraction rate