Essay Example on Effect of social connectedness, life events, appraisal shame and guilt among adults

Introduction. In this era of socializing in our global village, being connected is very common and this over connectedness leads to many stressful and unhappy life events resulting in shame and guilt. Life is incomplete without socializing and it is basically the tendency that how people understand, communicates and interacts with each other. People who suffer from poor interpersonal relationships tend to have less connectedness and are more likely to have difficulty in coping with different social situations Robbins 1995. Unhappy social connectedness makes an individual suffer from maladaptive behaviors and great distress when they try to avoid social situations Kohut 1984. The distress that individuals suffer is a negative feeling that affects the mental health Lazarus 1966. This may lead to the intensity of shame and guilt. Social connectedness is the interaction of people in daily routine. it can be a classroom, office, home and any social setting. Social connectedness is more likely to have a positive outcome, so it is thought to be a good and healthy thing. On the other hand, its negative outcomes are ignored, that are more adverse in nature and have serious effects.
Many times due to over connectedness we come across many events that are unpleasant and opposite to our expectations. When something unexpected happens it causes great distress. Shame and guilt are the major things suffered around the globe due to maladaptive or over social connectedness. Little factors pile up and lead to great problems so little things should be diagnosed and cure on time. When over social connectedness prevails it may lead to negative events that lead to intense sufferings of shame and guilt. Mental health is more important than physical health. So as to benefit the mental health, negative elements of social connectedness must be eliminated.

Research design. It is a descriptive study Researcher will conduct the study in two phases:

 1) Pilot study. First, the study will be conducted on 50 participants to measure the reliability and validity of the research questions.

 2) Main research study. After the pilot study research will be conducted on 200 adults and results will be interrupted. 

Problem statement. Shame and guilt are the outcomes of negative events in life that occurred due to social connectedness. 

Objective. To find the negative effect of social connectedness in our life events that made individuals suffer shame and guilt. To explore the interrelationship of social connectedness life events appraisal.l Shame and Guilt among adults. To find the negative effect of social connectedness life events appraisal shame and guilt among males and females. 

Operational definition. Social connectedness. Social connectedness is the interaction of the individual. On the scale, higher the score higher is the social connectedness. Life event appraisal. The distressed or unhappy events occurred in life. Shame A painful humiliating feeling or an unfortunate and regrettable situation. Higher the score on the scale higher is the process of shame. Guilt A feeling of culpability and blameworthiness. Higher the score on the scale higher is the process of guilt. Hypothesis. Following will be the hypothesis of the research H0 There is no significant interrelationship among social connectedness, life event, appraisal shame and guilt among adults. H1 There is a negative significant interrelationship among social connectedness, life event appraisal shame, and guilt among adults. 5 Instrument Questionnaire will be the instrument of my study. Scales. The following scales will be used in my study 1 Social connectedness scale, Revised 2 Appraisal of life events, scale 3 Shame, and guilt-proneness scale. Social connectedness scale Revised Richard M Lee and Steven B Robbins are the authors of this scale and it was created in 1995. It is a 6 point Likert-scale. It is used to measure the level of connectedness among individuals. Higher the score, the higher the connectedness. Its internal consistency is α 92. Lee 1995 Appraisal of life events scale Monroe and Kelley created this scale in 1995. This scale is designed to provide a reliable and valid index of the three primary appraisal dimensions described in Lazarus and Folkman's transactional model of stress, namely threat, challenge, and loss. It is an adjective checklist that can be used to assess appraisals of retrospectively recalled stressful events as well as ongoing stressful encounters.
It is a point scale and measures the intensity of the event of life. Its Cronbach's alpha was 0 80 for items related to a threat, 0 82 for items related to loss and 0 91 for items related to challenge. Kelley 1995 6 Shame and guilt-proneness Scale Taya R Cohen Scott T wolf A T Panter and Chester A Insko created this scale in 2011. This scale measures the individual differences in the propensity to experience guilt and shame. It is a 6 point Likert scale. Its internal reliability and consistency is 0 77 and 0 81. Taya R Cohen 2011 Participants The participants of the study will be 250 adults 50 for the pilot study and 200 for main research study. Material and procedure. The material of the study will be questionnaires. For collecting a sample of 200 individuals studying in different fields were selected from Rawalpindi and Islamabad region. Before collecting data researchers take them in confidence and their written consent will be taken from each participant who volunteers to participate to study. Then the researcher will explain how to fill the demographic form and the questionnaires. The demographic sheet will be constructing to collect information from these participants regarding their age and gender. Here will be no time limits set for them. They will be instructed to fill the demographic sheet and questionnaires honestly. After filling the questionnaires results of these questionnaires will be entered in the SPSS sheet and tabulated analyzed and interpreted through the application of SPSS Data analysis. 7 Pearson correlation t-tests and Regression will be applied on the data in order to analyze it. Cronbach's alpha reliability will be used to measure the internal consistency and reliability of the research questions. Significance of current study. This study is new and innovative therefore much needed to be explored. Implication. The results of the following study will be used in 1 Academic level. Spread awareness in institutions by conducting campaigns and by sending booklets with awareness to different institutes. 2 Community-level. By selecting different NGOs working in Rawalpindi and Islamabad region and making them aware and asking them to spread this information with other NGOs working in different provinces. 20 NGOs from different provinces via mail service and they will make the people aware 3 Policy level. By taking our results to the federal ministry so that the government and higher organizations take initiatives to spread this awareness.

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