Bacteria Back in 1683 on September seventeenth the most important discovery ever made was reported to the Royal Society in London Antonie van Leeuwenhoek had discovered small microorganisms on human dental plaque using his homemade microscope CBS 2017 He had called them animalcules but nowadays they are more commonly known as bacteria Bacteria had originated from small cells when the Earth first formed about 3 billion years ago in Earth s very first oceans Since then they have evolved into many different types from harmful to helpful CBS 2017 Cooper 2000 ENI 2018 Cellular Structure of Bacteria Bacteria have several different parts Usually a bacteria cell typically has no nucleus as they are prokaryotes However they do have deoxyribonucleic acid more commonly known as DNA which is usually a rubber band shaped molecule the DNA usually carries the information to make new cells and how to make a cell s proteins Bacteria also have ribosomes or minuscule circular organelles made of mostly protein and other material