Essay Example on China Administrative division and Central Government

China Administrative division and Central Government The Government of China has been a unitary state and the administrative divisions consisted of several levels since ancient times notably the Qin dynasty The country's governance units are currently based on three systems which are provinces autonomous regions and municipalities under the central government Second Provinces and autonomous regions are divided into autonomous prefectures counties autonomous counties and cities and last Counties autonomous counties and cities are divided into townships ethnic minority townships and towns The China administrative division currently there are five practical levels of local government which are central the provincial prefecture city-county township and village China has different type of cities which was classified based on the number of the population in every city whereby for city which has more than 10 Million population is called Mega-City e g Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou etc between 5 to 10 million is Metropolitan city e g Wuhan Qingdao Harbin etc 1 to 5 million population is Big city Jinan Dalian etc Medium-sized city has between 500000 to 1 million population and lastly 

Small city between 200000 to 500000 population The central government of China is divided among several bodies Chinese communist party National People's Political Consultative Conference President Government state council and Premier Central Military Commission Supreme People's Court and Supreme People's Procuratorate

Every organ has it is own role in the leadership of the country which is Chinese Communist Party is organized once every five years is convened by the Central Committee Its functions and powers are to hear and examine the report of the Central Committee to hear and examine the report of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection to discuss and decide on major issues of the Party to revise the Party constitution and to elect the Central Committee and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection CCP s supervising the government if is responding to the political-ideological and organizational leadership 

The Central Committee is elected by the National Party Congress When the National Party Congress is not in session the Central Committee leads all the work of the Party and represents the CPC outside the Party It is elected for a term of five years And thereby Central Commission for Discipline Inspection is responsible for monitoring and punishing CPC cadres who abuse power or are violating party Constitution The Central Military Commission CMC is elected by the Central Committee Conventionally the Central Military Commission Chairman concurrently serves as CPC General Secretary The President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China are elected by the National People's Congress He serves as the nominal head of state The term of office of the President and Vice President of the People's Republic of China is the same as that of the National People's Congress and they shall serve no more than two consecutive terms The State Council is the chief authority of the PRC It is appointed by the NPC and is chaired by the Premier and includes the heads of each governmental department and agency There are about 50 members of the Council The State Council directly oversees the various subordinate governments nationwide and in practice maintains an interlocking membership with the top levels of the Communist Party of China 

The Central Military exercises the command and control of the People's Liberation Army and is supervised by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress The state Central Military Commission is nominally considered the supreme military policy making body and its chairman elected by the National People's Congress is the commander in chief of the armed forces The Supreme People's Court is the highest court in the judicial system of the People's Republic of China The judges of the Supreme People's Court and the Procurator General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate are appointed by the National People's Congress At the top of the Chinese Communist Party's political structure as another major institution is its Political Bureau Politburo generally regarded as the most important formal political institution in China The official head of the Politburo is the Party's General Secretary 1 The size and membership of the Politburo changes with each Party Congress 9 or 7 2 Agreements for mandatory retirement for Politburo members is at the age of 68 3 Male not female not official regulation To speed up development of the country the government proceeds with regionally decentralized The Regional decentralization is combining both Political centralization and regional economic decentralization Sub national government officials are appointed from above and the appointment and promotion of sub national government officials serve as powerful instruments for the national government to induce regional officials to follow the central government's policies This feature fundamentally distinguishes the Chinese Regional decentralization from federalism where governors or mayors are elected and they are supposed to represent and be accountable to their constituents