Essay Example on How does active transport differ from facilitated Transport

9 How does active transport differ from facilitated transport Answer The Active transport is the movement of the ions or molecules across a cell membrane to an area of higher concentration which are assisted by enzymes and does require energy The Facilitated transport is the process of spontaneous passive transport of molecules or ions across a cell's membrane via specific transmembrane integral proteins which does not require energy 10 Identify and describe 4 ways that substances leave or enter cells 2 pt Answer 1 Diffusion requires no energy transports gases and other small particles high low Ions and other small substances may diffuse across the membrane by passing through the channel proteins These proteins do act as a porthole or door for the entrance of the materials 2 Osmosis requires no energy transports water high low This is the process in which is very similar to diffusion but does differ because water is the principle substance that passes through the plasma membrane Water will always move with its concentration gradient 3 Active Transport moves the particles through proteins requires energy low high This is the process when the energy demanding transfer of a substance across a cell membrane against its concentration gradient from lower concentration to higher concentration Special proteins within the cell membrane does act as a specific protein The energy comes from ATP generated by respiration 

4 Passive Transport moves the particles through proteins no energy required high low Passive transport is the simplest form of transport 11 For each process indicate where it occurs in the cell and whether oxygen is required glycolysis citric acid cycle and electron transport 2 pt Glycolysis splitting of glucose occurs in the cytosol and does not need oxygen Citric Acid Cycle In eukaryotic cells in the matrix of the mitochondrion and does not require oxygen Electron Transport Occurs in the mitochondria and requires oxygen 12 What is the function of the Golgi apparatus Answer The function is to process and bundle macromolecules proteins and lipids as they are synthesized within the cell It takes simple molecules and combines them to make them more complex Builds lysosomes cell digestion 13 Identify the 4 main tissue types in the body Answer 1 Muscle 2 Epithelial 3 Connective 4 Nervous 14 How do compact and spongy bone differ Answer Compact bone consists of largely concentric lamellar thin scales plates layers membranes osteons cylindrical structures and interstitial lamellae small plate or flake Spongy bone spicules form a latticework with interstices filled with embryonic connective tissue bone marrow Spongy bone is the inner bone where compact bone is the outer bone 15 Smooth muscle and cardiac muscle are under involuntary control How does this help the body maintain homeostasis Answer Smooth muscle is a tissue in which the contractile fibrils are not highly ordered which occur in the stomach as well as other internal organs esophagus bronchi The Cardiac muscle is found in the walls and histological foundation of the heart myocardium 1 of the 3 major types of muscle 

These muscles work together to cause sweating and shivering to maintain internal temperature Some rolls of muscles include heat generation food digestion and blood circulation all of which help homeostasis 16 What type of cells line the digestive tract Be specific Answer Enteroendocrine cells is a class of columnar epithelial cells scattered individually among the absorptive cells and exocrine cells that line the mucosa of the GI tract Concentrated in lower portion of intestinal gland and produce a lot of peptide hormones 17 Identify the formed elements of blood Answer 1 Leukocytes white blood cells 2 Erythrocytes red blood cells 3 Thrombocytes platelets 18 What are Langerhans cells Answer Dendritic cells antigen presenting cells accessory cells of the skin and mucosa contain organelles called Birbeck granules They are present in all layers of the epidermis except the stratum corneum protects against infections Their main function is to help protect you by keeping dangerous microbes from entering your body they protect your skin from infection and stimulate allergic reactions 19 How is the skin involved in the production of vitamin D in humans Answer The production of vitamin D begins with exposure to any light in ultraviolet B wavelength When light penetrates the skin it alters the composition of the skin compound called cutaneous 7 dehydrocholesterol The alteration results in the creation of vitamin D3 20 Which organs structures are found in the thoracic cavity Answer Chest 3 components mediastinum and two pleural cavities Mediastinum is the home to heart trachea and great vessels 

The Pleural cavities are on either side of the mediastinum and contain the lungs and the pleural linings 21 The pancreas is part of which two body systems Answer 1 Digestive system 2 Endocrine system 22 Explain how negative feedback helps the body maintain homeostasis 2 pt Answer Negative feedback response to a stimulus that keeps a variable close to a set value Think of this as a thermostat it can shut off or turn on when a value is set When it's cold outside your thermostat in your house senses the temperature in a room and responds by turning on or off the heater your body acts in the same way Temperature change triggers a command from the brain if you are too hot you sweat this response helps decrease body temperature 23 If a person lack melanocytes what would be the outcome Answer Melanocyte produces pigment for skin color A mature melanin forming cell typically in the skin determines a person's skin color If a person lacks melanocyte they would have a skin pigment disorder called albinism these people have white hair pale skin and blue eyes may appear red in some lighting conditions