Essay Example on Male and female reproductive System

Male and female reproductive system The male reproductive system consists of a number of sex organs that play a role in the process of human reproductive These organs are located on the outside of the body and within the pelvis The main male sex organs are the penis and the testicles which produce semen and sperm which as a part of sexual intercourse fertilize an ovum in the female s body the fertilized ovum zygote forms into a fetus which is later born as an infant Penis is a copulatory organ which has long shaft and an enlarged bulbous shape end referred as the glans penis that support the foreskin It is anatomically erected when stimulated because of erectile tissues filled with blood Erection of the penis enables it to penetrate the vagina during sexual It has 2 main function to pass urine out of the man s body to pass semen into the vagina of a woman during sexual intercourse testicles also known as testicles are the male gonads in responsible of the production of sperm and testosterone 

The testicles are ellipsoid glandular organs around 1 5 to 2 inches long Every testis is found inside its own pouch on one side of the scrotum and is associated with the abdomen by a spermatic cord and cremaster muscle The cremaster muscles contract and relax alongside the scrotum to regulate the temperature of the testes Inside of the testes is partitioned into small compartments known as lobules Every lobule contains a section of seminiferous tubule lined with epithelial cells These epithelial cells contain many stem cells that partition and form sperm cells through the process of spermatogenesis The epididymis is a sperm storage area that wraps around the superior and posterior edge of the testes The epididymis is comprised of a few feet of long thin tubules that are tightly coiled into a small mass Sperm produced in the testes moves into the epididymis to develop before being passed on through the male reproductive organs The ducts deferens passes through the prostate and joins with the urethra at a structure known as the ejaculatory duct The ejaculatory duct contains the ducts from the seminal vesicles as well during ejaculation the ejaculatory duct opens and expels sperm and the secretions from the seminal vesicles into the urethra Semen passes from the ejaculatory duct to the exterior of the body via the urethra an 8 to 10 inch long muscular tube The urethra passes through the prostate and ends at the external urethral orifice located at the tip of the penis Urine exiting the body from the urinary bladder also passes through the urethra 

The job of the prostate gland is to secrete prostate fluid one of the components of semen The mixture of sperm and fluids is called semen The muscles of the prostate gland also help propel this seminal fluid through the urethra and into the female reproductive organ during ejaculation Bulbourethral glands these are pea sized structures located on the sides of the urethra just below the prostate gland These glands produce a clear slippery fluid that empties directly into the urethra This fluid serves to lubricate the urethra and to neutralize any acidity that may be present due to residual drops of urine in the urethra The vas deferens also known as the sperm duct is a thin tube approximately 30 centimetres 0 98 ft long that starts from the epididymis to the pelvic cavity It carries the spermatozoa from the epididymis to ejaculatory duct The human female reproductive system is made up of ovaries egg tubes uterus cervix and vagina All these are a vital part of the reproduction process The vagina is a muscular tube that leads from the cervix to the outside of the woman's body A man s penis goes into the woman s vagina during sexual intercourse The opening to the vagina has folds of skin called labia that meet to form a vulva The urethra also opens into the vulva but it is separate from the vagina and is used for passing urine from the body The uterus is a hollow pear shaped organ that is the home to a developing fetus The uterus is divided into two parts the cervix which is the lower part that opens into the vagina and the main body of the uterus called the corpus The corpus can easily expand to hold a developing baby 

A canal through the cervix allows sperm to enter and menstrual blood to exit The ovaries are small oval shaped glands that are located on either side of the uterus The ovaries produce eggs and hormones Fallopian tubes These are narrow tubes that are attached to the upper part of the uterus and serve as pathways for the ova egg cells to travel from the ovaries to the uterus Fertilization of an egg by a sperm normally occurs in the fallopian tubes The fertilized egg then moves to the uterus where it implants to the uterine lining The cervix that connects the uterus womb to the vagina It is the lowermost part of the uterus and is made up of strong muscles The function of the cervix is to allow flow of menstrual blood from the uterus into the vagina and direct the sperms into the uterus during intercourse The vulva is rich in nerves that are stimulated during sexual activity and arousal it contains the opening of the female urethra and thus serves the vital function of passing urine The endometrium undergoes cyclic changes in response to the same hormonal changes that cause ovulation Every cycle before ovulation happens the endometrium undergoes changes to prepare it for implantation of a fertilized egg